Essay about Mass Media - 2506 Words

Mass Media The media, which is somewhat reflective of society, has become a powerful tool in shaping our culture. Advertisements are the foundation for mass media; they sell images, values, success, normalcy, and romance. Daily, we are exposed to advertisements whether they are written or commercial. Jean Kilbourne says in her 1979 video Killing Us Softly, advertisement is part of our air pollution (1979). Advertisements have social consequences that give them the ability to reinforce objectification of women?s bodies, and display images that may cause male violence against women, sexualize young girls, infantile grown women. According to Gabriel Weimann author of Communicating Unreality, in advertising†¦show more content†¦and are not effected by their powerful influence (Lazarus 1987). How can you not be affected by advertisements, when the average person will spend three years of their life watching just commercials and that does not include the printed ads in newspapers, magazines, or billboards. Advertising has made a huge financial jump, in 1979 it was a 20 billion dollar industry and by 1999 the advertising industry had risen to a 180 billion dollar industry (Jhally 2000). The advertising schema may be quite similar but now it is costing a lot more. Companies are also going a step further to make their point sell their product and to get the attention of the advertising public. The same ideas and approaches have been used for years, but someone always takes it a step further and as a society we continue to take a step back accepting more and more. The advertisers that do present controversial ads end up winning in the long run, they are the ones getting the extra publicity. According to Jean Kilbourne author of Can?t Buy My Love, Calvin Klein has used the free publicity to his advantage. He has utilized controversial advertisements exploiting young children; some felt he crossed the line into child pornography (Kilbourne 284). The protesting and media coverage only helped his daring, rebel like image. Over the years new eye opening advertisements have been presentedShow MoreRelatedMedia In Mass Media1555 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In more recent years, the mass media has begun to play a huge part in how the general public’s view on the world and how they receive their news. When mass media was first introduced, it shared news alongside the main conveyer – print, but with the growth of social media and the web, news has taken a technological turn. When it comes to sharing any form of news, it has become more common for people to check the internet using their phones. Mass media platforms like radio, television andRead MoreMass Media2588 Words   |  11 PagesGimnazija â€Å"Filip Visnjic† Bijeljina Maturski rad iz engleskog jezika Vocabulary: Mass media Mentor: Kandidat: Prof. Ljiljana Dragic Milos Kuvelja IV1 Bijeljina, maj 2013. Content Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Mass media I†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.4 Mass media II†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 Mass media III†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 Collocations and Phrases†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..17 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..18 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreMass Media And Social Media1795 Words   |  8 PagesEvolution of Media in Presidential Campaigns The effects of mass media and social media have changed the way people have experienced presidential campaigns in many ways. With the development of new technologies through the last hundred years many different ways of experiencing the campaigns have taken place. Newspapers, radio, television, internet and social media websites have changed the ways we all have experienced elections. Between 1960 and today, there have been many milestones in mass media and theRead MoreMass Media Communication1719 Words   |  7 PagesDefinition Mass media is a media intended for a large audience. It may take the form of broadcast media, as in the case of television and radio, or print media, like newspapers and magazines. Internet media can also attain mass media status, and many media outlets maintain a web presence to take advantage of the ready availability of Internet in many regions of the world. Some people also refer to it as the â€Å"mainstream media,† referencing the fact that it tends to stick to prominent stories whichRead MoreWhat is Mass Media?917 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Mass Media? Mass media refers to the many ways that information reaches a large group of people. Sociologists study mass media to see its affects on socialization, social movement, and social power (Chegg, â€Å"Definition of Mass Media†). Examples of mass media: Television Radio Movies Newspaper Internet Importance of Mass Media in Society Mass media is important in society because it reflects the lives, roles, and interests of the people. The media creates the culture and these messages promoteRead MoreMass Media Concepts1359 Words   |  6 PagesMASS MEDIA AND SOCIETY (2) The concept of ‘mass’ The ideas of ‘mass society’ date from the 1940s but before that time, since the19th century, there have been different ideas of what ‘mass’ means. One use of the term ‘mass’ was negative to refer to the mass of people or the ‘common people’ – who were seen as uneducated, ignorant, unruly or violent. ‘Mass’ could also be used in a positive sense as in ‘mass movement’ – such as trade unionism, socialism, or working class solidarity againstRead MoreMass Media Milestone1700 Words   |  7 PagesMilestone in the history of mass media The first variation of a newspaper was published in Rome in 59 BC. It was a daily sheet that Julius Caesar ordered to be distributed all over the city. However, the first newspaper was printed in Beijing in 746 (Flanagin, 452). Also, a forty-two-page bible was published two years later after a German poet used a printing press to post a poem. This was a significant period that marked the beginning of mass media production. Mass media refers to a communicationRead MoreThe World of Mass Media1067 Words   |  5 PagesThe world of Mass Media is a complicated place as told by former TV and Radio reporter, Al Meyers. â€Å"You never know what you’re going to be doing, but then there’s the ability to be able to do it and to share that with the people who are listening.† Meyers, who is retired, gave me the pleasure of sitting down and talking to me about the world of Mass Media Communication, then and now. Most of what we hear about in the world today comes to us as it is broadcasted through the television news networkingRead MoreThe Media And Mass Communication Essay1713 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The term media is often represented within popular culture in varying degrees. To a great extent, there seems to be a tendency to interchange media and mass communication. In this regard, it is imperative and perhaps prudent to define media holistically before proceeding further. For purposes of coherence, the definition of media will be categorized into two spheres; traditional media and new media. According to the Electronic Frontier Foundation (2009), traditional media can be defined asRead More Mass Media Essay1714 Words   |  7 PagesMass Media Have you ever had an original thought? Why do we dress the way we do, watch what we watch or even live the way we do. Through our means of entertainment, it is almost a guide in how one should live their life. With the technology we have in our world we are persuaded to believe what is right and what is wrong. Although we create our own world, our thoughts were imposed upon us since the day we are born. â€Å"What if the world is some kind of show. What if we are only talents assembled

Final Project Creating a Social Program Essay - 1997 Words

The name of the Social program that I have created is a shelter for teenage mothers and abused and battered women, it like a home away from home. The name of the shelter is called Women of Worth. At this shelter we want to make every woman feel and know that they are special and someone is interested in them and want to make sure they don’t stay in the condition that they are in but want them to know there is a way out for them and they can rise again and be the strong independent woman of worth that they are. We provide room and board and three hot meals per day for these women; we even send them to school to learn a skill that will eventually help them in the business world when they get their feet on the ground. One of the†¦show more content†¦The mission goals and objectives of the Women of Worth Shelter is to make sure that in the next five years we will have accomplished what we set out to do to be the best shelter in the community to make sure that we don’t only shelter the women but we have counseling sessions for them to help them heal, we will send the women to school, clothe them, have movie days love and appreciate them and make them feel special like they should and even offer them jobs at the shelter when we feel that they are capable of handling it. Our objective is to take women off the streets and even get referrals from these women about friends that they might know who are living is abusive relationships. We want to make sure that these women live and live a full and enjoyable life. The benefits that we will receive will be to see a smile on the face of a women when she says thank you for saving my life and the benefits that we will offer them will be a safe living environment where hot meals will be provided, nurses will be on call 24 hours, consultation, job placement training and services. The Eligibility requirements is a shelter for battered women whose primary purpose is to provide residential shelter to homeless families with children. Our shelters will be required to keep records of inspections on file which verifies our shelter meets state and local health and safetyShow MoreRelatedCreating A Web Site For A Non Profit Organization1668 Words   |  7 Pagesothers† Creating a web site for a non-profit organization A prototype of a web experience Today’s Date: 4/24/2015 Prepared By: Angel Sanchez Email: arsanchez94@knights.ucf.edu Phone: (386) 555-5555 PROJECT OVERVIEW This project follows the non-profit organization â€Å"Kids Are People Too†, which is committed to helping middle school and high school students improve their volunteer skills as well as positively give back to their communities. The main target audience for this project wouldRead MoreUrban Design And Historical Representation Of Newcastle City1527 Words   |  7 PagesWith the idea of urban design and historical representation of Newcastle city, territorial drawings form the principles of my project, in the content of contemporary city. Zoning territories and exploring the city in a variety of medias, representational tools and testing different materials was my way of working. Overlapping maps of Newcastle city from 1788 and 2015 in order to create the proposed network that situated the programmes relevant to this territory. The process was long and hard, theRead MoreEvaluate--Action Research Problem’S Significance In The1525 Words   |  7 PagesEvaluate--Action research problem’s significance in the field of social work For the final project presentation of technology in social work, the action research study topic is on stress management. The proposed studies objective is to understand the impact that stress has on the social work profession and to figure out a stress management intervention that is effective, yet easily accessible and convenient to implement. The action research study is introduced by explaining that there are currentRead MoreSoftware Used in Implementation Programs1202 Words   |  5 Pagesproblems like political, economic and social. It has also helped in better accessibility of literature. Effort has been put to improve new styles of management, and decision making in economic, administrative and territorial learning spheres. Management is a commitment to performance and achievement. While managing a project, management means positive impacts or the ability in implementing a project efficiently, effectively and managing to sustain the project. Implementation means translating a planRead MoreFinal Project : Spe 2071046 Words   |  5 PagesSanguigni Dr. Merrick Final Project – SPE 207 December 11, 2016 Final Project Serving others is a down deep way of learning more about yourself and helping others to see past themselves. Our Business and Professional Communication class participated in several service projects, which were interesting and exciting to be involved with helping others. As I am studying the major courses of Early Childhood/Special Education, our group project with the â€Å"Big Brothers Big Sister† program was very memorableRead MoreThe Economic Disaster Of Overproduction And Underconsumption Created The Great Depression820 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Great Depression in the 1920s from factors of credit, wages, immigration restriction, under consumption, crippled American financial system, collapse global problems, investing rebuild postwar Europe, and production capabilities that New Deal programs by Theodore Roosevelt established to correct the economy in United States. Overproduction was the lack of economic diversification and lack of infrastructure contributed to underco nsumption (Barnes Bowles, 2014). People were buying mass consumptionRead MoreEssay about A Career in Graphic Arts1186 Words   |  5 Pagesbe cooperative and work well with others. A dexterous designer knows how to use criticism positively. Oftentimes criticism is what makes a piece of art better. Depending on the project, job duties may include designing and preparing layouts, sketching out ideas, arranging the materials needed, or putting together the final image. Since there may be different requirements for each client, a graphic designer (on average) should have the ability to be spontaneous and creative and work well under pressureRead MorePlanning The Activites For The Kids963 Words   |  4 PagesSanguigni Dr. Merrick Final Project December 11, 2016 Final Project YOU NEED TO ADD A NICE INTRO PARAGRAPH†¦MAYBE PIC 3 WORDS TO DESCRIBE YOUR THOUGHTS ON THE PROJECT, IT WAS EXCITING, TO BE INVOLVED IN PLANNING THE ACTIVITES FOR THE KIDS, †¦. CARING ENVIRONMENT WITH EVERYONE HELPING EACH OTHER, AND IT WAS SO NICE TO BE SHARING OUR TIME, TALENTS AND HEARTS WITH THE KIDS.†¦ Over the past few months in our Business Communication class we participated in a service learning project called â€Å"Big BrothersRead MoreBusiness For Social Responsibility ( Bsr )1278 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study 1: Stakeholder Mapping Introduction Business for Social Responsibility (BSR) is an international nonprofit organization that aims to â€Å"work with business to create a just and sustainable world† (BSR, 2014). To achieve this mission, BSR promotes collaboration and strategic planning in order to catalyze behavioral change (BSR, 2014). With a mission to drive social and environmental innovation, stakeholder analysis is a core competency at BSR. 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Meaning of Irish Place Names and Surnames Free Essays

A little bit about the history of Irish place names. It may come as a surprise, but only a small portion of names comes directly from English language. The big majority of names here are anglicisations of Irish (Gaeilge) names and few names come from Old Norse. We will write a custom essay sample on Meaning of Irish Place Names and Surnames or any similar topic only for you Order Now The name of Ireland itself comes from the Gaeilge name Eire, added to the Germanic word land. In mythology, Eire was an Irish goddess of the land and of sovereignty. My boyfriend? s surname is Doyle, the twelfth most common surname in Ireland. Now we know that the statement that the name is derived form the Irish word Doibh (meaning dark, gloomy, melancholy) can be disregarded as it is generally accepted that the correct derivation is dhubh-ghall, meaning Norse invader or dark foreigner. Its variations in English are Doyelle, Doyley, MacDowell or O Dubhghaill in Irish. One of my best friend ? s surname is Ruane. It is an anglicized form of the Old Gaelic â€Å"_O’Ruadhain_†, which translates as â€Å"the descendant of the red one†. We don’t know whether â€Å"Ruadhan† (red) refers to complexion of skin or red hair, or to some event relating to the abilities as a warrior but it is a descriptive nickname from the pre-medieval period. I have to note here that my friend Aidan is neither ginger nor a warrior. Overall, all I have to admit is that I had great fun discovering facts about origin of Irish place names and surnames. I have a better understanding about the importance of Irish language and the heritage it brings. I got to know Irish history better and will definitely keep eyes open even more next time when travelling around Ireland. References: The internet surname database – www. surnamedb. com The internet Library database – www. libraryireland. com The internet place names database – www. logainm. ie The internet database to find Irish roots – www. youririshroots. com The internet Irish friend – www. dochara. ie The internet Learn Irish – http://talkirish. com/ The Irish times – www. irishtimes. com How to cite Meaning of Irish Place Names and Surnames, Papers

Chrloroplasts Essay Example For Students

Chrloroplasts Essay Introduction:This experiment was done to test the hypothesis: Boiling and decrease in light will have negative affects on the rate of photosynthesis in chloroplasts. In this experiment we were told that we would be measuring the rate of photosynthesis. The reduction of a dye called DPIP is a part of the measurement technique. The transfer of electrons during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis reduce DPIP, changing it from light blue to colorless. The information on the lab sheet said that the light is a part of a continuum of radiation or energy. Wavelengths of energy have greater amounts of energy. Wavelengths of light with in the visible part of the light spectrum power photosynthesis. Electrons within each photosystem are excited to a higher energy level and this energy is used to produce ATP and reduce NADP to NADPH, when light is absorbed by the leaf pigments. Then ATP and NADPH are used to incorporate CO2 into organic molecules. This process is known as carbon fixation. We will write a custom essay on Chrloroplasts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In this experiment we were to use a dye reduction technique to study photosynthesis. We used this method to see if light reactions were taking place. The DPIP is taking place of the electron acceptor NADP. When light strikes the chloroplasts the electrons will be excited to high energy levels and will reduce DPIP. The color will change from light blue to colorless. While this occurs there is an increase in light transmittance through the solution. This increase in transmittance of light is measured by using a spectrophotometer. Materials and Method:The teacher provided us with an outlined procedure of the lab. The teacher started the spectrophotometer and informed us on what it does and how it operates. Chloroplasts were prepared while the spectrophotometer got ready. There was an ice bin that contained the boiled and unboiled chloroplasts at all times, except when they were placed in cuvettes. They are of incubation, a light shining through a fish bowl onto a test tube rack, was set up. The cuvettes were labeled 1-5. Each was carefully cleaned and prepared as the lab instructed. Cuvette 1 received 1 mL of phosphate buffer and 4 mL of distilled water. Cuvettes 2, 3, and 4 received 1 mL of phosphate buffer, 3 mL of distilled water and 1 mL of DPIP. Cuvette 5 received the same as 2,3, and 4 but there was an extra 3 drops of distilled water added. Cuvette 2 was covered in tin foil so that no light could enter. Once the spectrophotometer was ready, we adjusted the amplifier control until we had a 0% readout on transmittance. We then placed 3 drops of unboiled chloroplasts into cuvette 1 and covered the top with parafilm, and tipped it upside down to mix the contents and quickly placed it into the spectrophotometer. We adjusted it to 100% transmittance. This was used to adjust the machine between readings. Cuvette 1 was placed back on the rack for a period of 5 minutes. Cuvette 2 was our next measurement. It was taken out of the foil and 3 drops of unboiled chloroplasts were added and the top was then covered with parafilm. It was also tipped upside down to mix the contents and was placed into the spectrophotometer.. We took a reading of the percent of light transmittance and recorded the data in the data table. It was then taken out and placed back in its foil and put on the rack. Cuvette 3 was given the same treatment as cuvette 2. Cuvette 4 was given the same treatment as cuvette 3 except that it received 3 drops in the spectrophotmeter. These measurements were repeated every 5 minutes, the last reading was at 15 minute. The spectrophotometer was always recalibrate with cuvette 1. Cleaning the outsides of the cuvettes is a must by the way. After the last measurement everything was cleaned and the spectrophotometer was turned off. .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef , .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef .postImageUrl , .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef , .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef:hover , .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef:visited , .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef:active { border:0!important; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef:active , .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue0df96702289a81c4bf47f7c7a5197ef:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The History of Greece EssayResults:This is a table that contains the results from each of the four groups that were performed in the experiment. The average has been calculated for each group of measurements. Discussion:Our experiment was designed to determine whether boiling and decrease in light will have negative effects on the rate of photosynthesis in chloroplasts. Our results proved the hypothesis true. Our results confirm with our predictions because by looking at the cuvette that had boiled chloroplast you see that it did not have a lot of photosynthesis occurring neither did the chloroplast that received no light. However the ones that were unboiled and in the light did have a high rate of photosynthesis occurring. From our results it is possible to see that in cuvette 2 there was a small increase in % of light transmittance, from 19.5% to 26.4%. In cuvette 3 there was a very significant climb in % of light transmittance up to the 10 minute mark, from 26.6% to 98.4%. In cuvette 4 there was a very small increase in % of light transmittance, from 21.2% to 23.3%. In cuvette 5 there was actually a decrease in % of light transmittance, from 29.0% to 25.6%. These were the averages of the classes results. Basically the boiling of chloroplasts and the decrease in light did have negative effects on the rate of photosynthesis. Some of the groups may have gathered their data in a different way and they might have made a mistake in the paths that they had chose to complete this experiment. If they had gathered false information they would have distorted everyones graphs. So the class average would have been way off. Some problems that occurred was during the recalibraion of the spectrophotometer. It seemed almost impossible to get the dial on 0% light transmittance. This would have affected the data collected from the spectrophometer. To get more reliable results it might have been better for everyone to do the experiment one day and then have them do the experiment again the following days. This would ensure that the procedure is followed one way and it would not change and the next day would be to do the experiment again and make sure it was done properly. Conclusion:The chloroplasts that were boiled had little photosynthesis occurring and the chloroplast that was not exposed to light also had little photosynthesis occurring. The boiling chloroplasts and the decrease of light will have negative effects on the rate of photosynthesis.

Toxicity and its effects on developing children Essays - Amphetamine

Toxicity and its effects on developing children Toxicity and its effects on developing children For as long as there have been human beings, there probably have been other ones studying their behavior and attempting to understand. The field of early childhood development has been the subject of the working union between the biological, neurological, and psychological worlds. The Greeks knew that brain science, body science, and mind and spirit science all had equal value. What they were not aware of was the rate at which children, who are the study subjects, would learn, comprehend, and master concepts, ideas and emotion. Emotion and the ability to feel and express empathy is something that is solely attributed to human beings, and now research is confirming that a child brain is synoptically firing even before birth, and the research is also showing the darker side to the power of knowledge. Stress to an infant is violent, and it is what is called toxic stress. It has been documented by both research groups that children who have a support system in place when they arrive are more likely to be healthier. The arte more children today diagnosed with ADD and ADHD than ever in the recorded history of childrens studies. If you already are a parent, look around your childs world are there toxic stresses you can irradiate? If you are a teacher, firefighter, politician, or janitor, how can our everyday actions, thoughts, beliefs, and biases help or hinder the healthy growth of a child?

Free Essays on Genji

Genji, the son of the emperor and a concubine, is used in this book to represent males and their unchanging harshness toward females. He searches constantly for the â€Å"hidden flower† or perfect female, however, he falls short of being the ideal male. He is unworthy to have the perfect female even if he did find her. He shows this through his many unfaithful, immoral affairs with females throughout the book. He is able to get away with just about anything due to his undying charm to both men and women. He has an unlimited amount of flaws in his character. He is disloyal, indecisive, and selfish. He worries only about himself and his own reputation as a man. He is completely intrigued by game-playing and therefore uses this technique to lure women in to him. Genji executes many corrupt and irrational events throughout the story. He kidnaps a woman and gets angry when she protests being with him. There is a belief that he may have molested a small boy. He is completely unfaithful to his wife with any woman who, even so much as, sparks his interest . He will never settle for what he has and continues to pursue any object that he desires without shame. Genji, growing up, was not surrounded by wonderful role models. He himself was conceived out of wedlock. This upbringing could have contributed to his sinful way of living. With the use of Genji’s character, Lady Murasaki attempts to convey the message that anyone who is deceitful and charming enough can con just about anyone if they make it a way of life. We, as people, have to learn to be strong and go against things of this nature. Murasaki also is able to portray the life that women had to live in this place and time. She wanted society to see how men really were and the wrongs in their behavior. In my opinion, she did a good job at showing the severity of this situation and made me happy to be living where and when I am.... Free Essays on Genji Free Essays on Genji Genji, the son of the emperor and a concubine, is used in this book to represent males and their unchanging harshness toward females. He searches constantly for the â€Å"hidden flower† or perfect female, however, he falls short of being the ideal male. He is unworthy to have the perfect female even if he did find her. He shows this through his many unfaithful, immoral affairs with females throughout the book. He is able to get away with just about anything due to his undying charm to both men and women. He has an unlimited amount of flaws in his character. He is disloyal, indecisive, and selfish. He worries only about himself and his own reputation as a man. He is completely intrigued by game-playing and therefore uses this technique to lure women in to him. Genji executes many corrupt and irrational events throughout the story. He kidnaps a woman and gets angry when she protests being with him. There is a belief that he may have molested a small boy. He is completely unfaithful to his wife with any woman who, even so much as, sparks his interest . He will never settle for what he has and continues to pursue any object that he desires without shame. Genji, growing up, was not surrounded by wonderful role models. He himself was conceived out of wedlock. This upbringing could have contributed to his sinful way of living. With the use of Genji’s character, Lady Murasaki attempts to convey the message that anyone who is deceitful and charming enough can con just about anyone if they make it a way of life. We, as people, have to learn to be strong and go against things of this nature. Murasaki also is able to portray the life that women had to live in this place and time. She wanted society to see how men really were and the wrongs in their behavior. In my opinion, she did a good job at showing the severity of this situation and made me happy to be living where and when I am.... Free Essays on Genji Genji: The Title Character for a Reason Genji must be recognized as the principal male character in Murasaki Shikibu’s â€Å"The Tale of Genji†. In this way, by literary definition, he is the novel’s irreplaceable hero. The more recognized definition of a hero, one seen for his special or bold achievements, could apply to Genji although he didn’t necessarily work hard to achieve anything. He was born beautiful, talented, charming, and simply irresistible and therefore can be called a hero at birth. This is quite an achievement, and the only characters eligible for comparison after Genji’s death are the two princesses, Oigimi and Naka no Kimi. Although Genji’s father removes him from the imperial family, it is only a technicality and Genji spends the majority of his life experiencing luxuries as an Emperor’s son. He is immediately favored by anyone who enters his path and it seems that his entire existence was previously planned out to be naturally perfect; an impeccable being born into a situation in which he can properly be displayed. The fact that Genji doesn’t need to work for any of his accomplishments (this includes his many women) raises the question of whether or not he is in fact a natural born hero, or simply spoiled â€Å"royalty† with an offensive amount of luck. â€Å"Genji’s looks had an indescribably fresh sweetness, one beyond even Her Highness’s celebrated and, to His Majesty, peerless beauty, and this moved people to call him the Shining Lord†¦ His Majesty was reluctant to spoil Genji’s boyish charm, but in Genji’s twelfth year he gave him his coming of age, busying himself personally with the preparations and adding new embellishments to the ceremony. Lest the event seem less imposing than the one for the Heir Apparent, done some years ago in the Shishinden, and lest anything go amiss, he issued minute instructions for the banquets to be offered by the various government offices and for the things...

'Rage and Reason in a World of Manifestos' Essay

'Rage and Reason in a World of Manifestos' - Essay Example The Polemic Debord’s thesis in "The Society of the Spectacle" is that, â€Å"in societies where modern conditions of production prevail, all of life presents itself as an immense accumulation of spectacles. Everything that was directly lived has moved away into a representation.† (Debord, 1967) Debord provides a critique of the consumer society, with conspicuous consumption and packaged identities related to advertising and marketing images in contemporary culture. Formative Assessment Debord’s critique in "The Society of the Spectacle" was a formative influence on Baudrillard and others who developed post-modern media studies through the lens of semiotics. In understanding the use of symbols, signs, icons, and archetypes in mass-media advertising, the artist or designer can bring a critical method into the work that promotes reform and change through awareness of situationist themes. Discussion Debord states, â€Å"The spectacle is not a collection of images, b ut a social relation among people, mediated by images.† (Debord, 1967) One can consider this in the later critique of Noam Chomsky as this relates to the control of media discourse and the manufacture of consent for war and imperialism through propaganda techniques that relate to not only political discussion, but also the â€Å"lifestyle choices† that are pre-packaged and ideologically constructed. Debord’s critique can go towards the recognition of cultural hegemony in mass-media communications, and charts new territory in film and cinema in sampling surrealist, dada, and other modernist methodologies into a new form of expression. â€Å"The root of the spectacle is that oldest of all social specializations, the specialization of power. The spectacle plays the specialized role of speaking in the name of all the other activities. It is hierarchical society’s ambassador to itself, delivering its official messages at a court where no one else is allowed to speak. The most modern aspect of the spectacle is thus also the most archaic.† (Debord, 1967) One aspect this relates to is cultural hegemony and the viral means of propagation for critical strains of analysis. These critiques can also challenge cultural hegemony by the sampling and re-contextualizing the images of the mainstream culture into a new frame of reference, as Debord did in his film of the book. That philosophy is generally not filmed outside of surrealism is a bias, Debord goes to show the underlying patterns of belief that are unconscious in the mass-produced images of mass-communications, and how they also relate to authority and control. Debate In the second part of the book, Debord writes, â€Å"The spectacle is the moment when the commodity has attained the total occupation of social life.† (Debord, 1967) In the theory of transcendence related to symbols and signs, the signs are objects themselves pointing to other objects. In this manner, a type of ob jectification of being occurs in this critique, contrasted by transcendent activities such as free expression, true love, nature, poetry, ecstasy... romantic ideals in some manner repackaged in a post-modernist critique. Situationism as an outgrowth or evolution of Surrealism, dada, and critical theory as it relates to Marxism makes it a unique cultural expression at the formative point of the post-modern philosophy and aesthetic. Influence on professional practice The situationist

Industrial Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Industrial Relations - Essay Example As the discussion declares the first stature for the labourers was formulated to help the community get access to physically well built men who were not engaged in any other activity of craftsmanship etc. to work for hire on a standardized wage rate. This was the first time that the wages were standardized through a public legislation. In the middle ages there was a shortage of labour owing to an epidemic. Legislations were made so as to prevent people from taking advantage of the situation by asking for exorbitant remuneration in return for the labour. Thus, there were penalties not only for those asking for an increase in wages but also for those lords who were ready to pay extra for getting their work done. There were even statues for those workers who moved to other countries in search of better wages and work. The statute allowed the sheriffs to arrest such workers and bring them back to Britain. This paper stresses that the early 15th century saw some more liberalization on working laws and even child labour statutes. Earlier laws required parents to put children in such labour which was the requirement of their estates. But the new statute gave freedom to the parents to decide for their children’s future and allowed them to send their children to school. There were modifications to the law restricting free movement of labour and also no control of workers over the decision of setting wages for work. Though freedom was given to the lords over decision regarding wages, the workers were still not free to decide what wage they can work for.

IT Skills For Finance Professionals Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

IT Skills For Finance Professionals - Assignment Example There are certain items that are not included in the cash budget although they used in the calculation of profits. They include deprecation and other expenses which do not include the movement of cash. The table below shows the cash budget for Classic Footballs Ltd. Calculations relating to this budget are shown in the appendix. Cash Budget for Classic Footballs Ltd for the Six Months Ending June 30, 2013    January February March April May June Total    ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Cash balance at beginning 0 50238 204198 426382 1046994 1762739 0 Add receipts:                      Issue of shares 52500                52500 Grant       350,000 350000 350000 350000 1400000 Loan- Welch Dev Co.    100,000             100000 Cash sales 175000 192500 210000 227500 271250 253750 1330000 Credit sales 302400 542640 593880 645120 741720 763980 3589740 Interest income    1457 5922 12365 30363 51119 101226 Total cash available 529900 886835 1364000 1661367 2440327 3 181589 10064018                         Deduct disbursements                      Machine    22000 22000 22000       66000 Sundry fixtures and fittings       18000          18000 Payment for Office Premises 100000 150000 100000          350000 Payment for Raw Materials 53249 112854 123498 134989 152425 159145 736161 Payment for Labour 190000 209000 228000 247000 294500 275500 1444000 Payment for Variable Overheads 67200 118720 129920 141120 162400 166880 786240 Rent and rates 68263 68262.9 68262.9 68262.9 68262.9 68262.9 409577.1 Light and Power       230387       230387 460774.3 Delivery Van 950    17550          18500 Audi          1000       1000 Advertising    1800             1800 Total disbursements 479662 682637 937618 614372 677588 900175 4292052                         Excess/(deficiency) 50238 204198 426382 1046994 1762739 2281414 2281414                         Financing:                      Overdraft 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Repayment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Interest on overdraft 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 standard charge for exceeding O/D limit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total effects of financing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0                         Cash balance at end 50238 204198 426382 1046994 1762739 2281414 2281414 The cash budget indicates that Classic Football Ltd will have excess funds available at the end of each of the first six months. The schedule indicates that the cash balance for the first month is ?50,238 and that the receipt from the share issue (?52,500) has contributed significantly to the positive cash balance. If the enterprise grant is received as scheduled, it is expected to contribute significantly to cash inflows and along with continuing growth in sales could place the company in a comfortable cash position. Therefore, the company does not need to use the overdraft that is available in those months. However, this cash should not be al lowed to lie idle. It should be invested in order to earn additional income for the company. This could help set off interest cost and other charges which are expected from future overdraft that may become necessary if sales continue to fall. Part 2 In some months Classic Football Ltd will have a large overdraft balance. This is expected sometime after the full amount of the grant has been received. There are a number of ways that the company could restructure its activities. Some payments could be made earlier in the months that are expected to have high levels of surplus cash. This will be best if the income to be received on any investment of excess cash is higher than the interest charges on overdraft balances. In order to deal with an overdraft balance the company could consider negotiating more favourable payment terms with suppliers. It could also seek to forego discounts on early payment to suppliers by paying at the end of the credit period since the discount that

Maintaining Work-Life Balance among Married Working Women in Banking

Maintaining Work-Life Balance among Married Working Women in Banking Literature Review It is a truth that work and family life cannot be separated, they both act together and the lines of demarcation of family life and work life cannot be drawn. With changing times, social structure, nature of business and globalization at fast pace; boundaries of work is changing rapidly. Working patterns and timings are in constant change but the pace of change is more rapid. The need for the change is being derived from individuals and organizations. Organizations are expected to perform at its optimum and provide better services 24/7 which requires employees to devote extended working hours to deliver service and this in turn effects personal lives of employees and creates an issue of work-life imbalance which is of paramount concern for everyone to have work-life balance (Jacobs Gerson, 2001) (Taylor, 2001). Work life balance is an adjustment in working patterns to mingle work with other responsibilities (Smithson Stokoe, Discourses of Work-Life Balance: Negotiating Genderblind Terms in Organizations, 2005) regardless of gender. Work-life balance  reflects; The extent to which an individual is equally engaged in and equally satisfied with his or her work role and family role (Aziz Cunningham, 2008), similarly according to Clark (2000) as cited by Othman, Yusof, Osman (2009) work life balance is defined as, Satisfaction and good functioning at work and at home with a minimum of role conflict (Othman, Yusof, Osman, 2009). It is also eloquent that every individual is to require maintaining and achieving a balance between their paid work and family responsibilities be it child care, elder care, leisure time, self development (Hogarth Bosworth, 2009). It is debatable that the word balance means settled equilibrium but can work and life outside work can be in equilibrium? Initially, work was considered as the only responsibility of male members of the society while women were only responsible for the domestic chores (Bailyn, Drago, Kochan, 2001), (Eikhof, Warhurst, Haunschild, 2007). This framework has been followed for ages and it was widely believed and accepted that the bread-winners of the family were only men. However as time evolved and in order to earn and have better lifestyles for their family, female workforce in the labor market started to increase, the conventional image of male as bread winner started to transform and now female also played an equally important role as an earning member of the family (Easton, 2007), (Flechl, 2009), (Malik Khan, 2008) (Hakim, 2006), (Strober, 2010), (Lourel, Ford, Gamassou, Gue ´guen, Hartmann, 2009). Evolution of females at work life The Second World War brought the contribution of women to the forefront. The discrepancy between men and women started to emerge, as it came in to notice when the female gender entered the work force around the globe (Goldin, 1991), which added another responsibility to their account that now they were multitasking between work and family life, taking care of their family as well as their work both came under their life domain (Tijdens, 1997), (A.Milkie Peltola, 1999). It was seen that at the time of Second World War keeping aside the traditional division of labor on the basis of gender, women entered the work force and start performing the mens job in the industries to prove themselves as capable enough to perform tasks in a more organized and better way (Milkman, 1987). It is a sad fact that in spite of their dual dedication, even during this time period, they were not considered as a factory worker instead their identity was recognized as women only (Trey, 1972), (Hyman Summers, 2004). At the end of the war; the female workers were forced and left stranded out of the labor market in order to take care of their more traditional responsibilities. Fortunately, for women this was just a temporary setback, as the number of women workers has increased after the Second World War which shows that the pattern set during the war time is still being pursued by females persistently till present (Milkman, 1987), (Bird, 2006). This is evident from a research conducted by Goldin (1991) on the percentage of working females in USA as according to this study; the participation rate in 1890 was 5 percent, 1940s was around 10.1 percent, while in 1950s it increased to 22.2 percent and then kept on increasing and finally reached 60 percent in 1990s (Goldin, 1991). Female workforce is not only increasing in European countries, but also in Pakistan; women are entering in the labor force with an increasing trend (Hussain, Malik, Hayat, 2009). According to Federal Bureau of Statistics of Pakistan, the women entering into the work force have increased to 11.81 million (53.72%) in 2009 from 10.96 million (51.78%) in 2008. This labor force comprises of 74% females in agriculture sector, 11.9% in manufacturing, 11.6% in service sector, while the rest of 0.9% are working in other sectors (Federal Bureau of Statistics, 2010). These statistics shows that with an increasing number of female workforces, it has become mandatory for women to maintain a balanced work and family life. Change in the Role of Women with Added Responsibility The role of women modified after the Second world war, as females started entering in the labor force as bread earners to support their families due to economic pressures (Hakim, 2006) and to improve the life style of their living (Emslie Hunt, 2009), and changed the traditional image of male being the sole responsible for earning the livelihood for all family members. With the enhancement of this new role as bread earners, the responsibility also increases for the women as now they have to look after their work life also along with the family which makes it difficult for them to manage both responsibilities simultaneously (Lourel, Ford, Gamassou, Gue ´guen, Hartmann, 2009),(Flechl, 2009), (Work-Life Balance, 2010). Although the conventional model of male bread winner starts to modify but still the distribution of duties between men and women remains unchanged. As now women are sharing the responsibilities of men by entering in the work force but on the other side the duties performed by females are not being shared (Emslie Hunt, 2009), which is creating a conflict between their family and career life (Zulu, 2007), (Thompson Walker, 1989). Originally, women had to take care of family matters only while men were responsible for work related issues. But with the change in the role of female, now they have to manage their family and professional life effectively which is creating a burden on them (Malik Khan, 2008), (Callan, 2008), (Dulk Peper, 2007). As they have to perform tasks like;cooking, shopping, cleaning (A.Milkie Peltola, 1999), listening and comforting children, providing emotional support to partners and parents (Emslie Hunt, 2009) and other domestic chores; which were previously considered as the only responsibility of females. But with the passage of time, now they have to perform their official tasks along with all these household chores but men are still only responsible for work related issues. Due to this unending list of duties women had to perform at home which are less flexible, demanding and experience interruptions (Aziz Cunningham, 2008); effects professional life or relaxing time of females which leaves negative impression on work life balance as compared to men (A.Milkie Peltola, 1999). Hence, in order to run work and family life smoothly women are expected to make larger sacrifices because they possess less power and authority due to the tradition and cultural norms of the society. Women can equally enjoy roles as mothers and workers but still feel more pressure than men because home responsibilities are greater and require more sacrifice (Stephen, 1977), (Thompson Walker, 1989). According to Coltrane (2000), Greenhaus and Parasuraman(1999), Rothbard and Edwards (2003) as cited by (Malik Khalid, 2008) it is a known fact that women typically do a bigger share of the household labor than men and that extra work at home partially constrains the time women can spend in paid work. Straub (2007) identifies that women tend to spend more time to family activities as of men and the same amount of work hours as of men. Challenges Faced by Women while Handling Work and Family Life With the amount of responsibilities added to the role of women, it has given rise to multiple challenges that they are facing in their daily life. Performing various tasks and playing different roles which includes; mother, wife, caregiver (for parents and elderly) and employee simultaneously becomes very difficult for women to fulfill (Straub, 2007), (Beauregard Henry, 2008). It is a challenge for women to give proper time and attention to; children especially who are very demanding under age of 13 (Thompson Walker, 1989), husband to maintain healthy relationship (Jacobs Gerson, 2001), other members of the family (parents, elderly) (Lourel, Ford, Gamassou, Gue ´guen, Hartmann, 2009) and to their work life for career progression (Aziz Cunningham, 2008). A balance between all these responsibilities is directly linked with the career performance as well as physical and mental wellbeing of women (Whitehead Kotze, 2003), (Creating Work Life Balance, 2009). Female workers also have to face lots of social pressures which do not allow women to have late sittings at the work place for official matters or to visit places related to work (Hakim, 2006), (Jacobs Gerson, 2001). These restrictions are mostly raised by the members of the family which includes; husband, in-laws, brother and parents which creates hurdles in their career progression (Schwartz, 1989). Women also encountered issues like stereotyping, sexual harassment and discrimination which make them feel insecure and confused about whether they should raise voice against inequality or remain quiet and face it (Ibrahim Marri, 2008), (Lee Brotheridge, 2005). According to Easton (2007) and Zulu (2007), Glass ceiling is also one of the obstacles which hinders women while climbing ladders of hierarchy in organizations because business environment for women is more stressful and not at all easy as compared to men. As women are in minority and mostly perceived by men as blend of doubt, attraction, respect, confusion, competitiveness, pride and animosity; therefore this mixed perception creates glass ceiling at the time of promotions (Flechl, 2009), (Lourel, Ford, Gamassou, Gue ´guen, Hartmann, 2009). As managerial positions require strong decision making skills while women are considered as emotional and required ample amount of time to make decision for important matters (Aziz Cunningham, 2008), therefore women are not easily designated for senior managerial positions because of perception that they are best regarded as housewives and mothers (Dulk Peper, 2007), (Kafetsios, 2007). The other challenge for women is the career development and promotion in their professional lives. Senior positions require long hours commitment, work related seminars, conferences, workshop and tours which makes it difficult for women to reach due to family responsibilities (Beauregard Henry, 2008), (Hochschild, 1997). Also the fact that creates hurdles in womens progression is pregnancy and childbirth; because they have to take maternity leaves which results in missing out opportunities for promotion (Straub, 2007), (Doherty, 2004), (Schwartz, 1989). Although there are many women who want to achieve career advancement with fulfilling other house hold tasks (Kafetsios, 2007), but organizations fail to realize that talented and motivated women can be committed to family as well as career and can do best for the middle management (Saltzstein, Ting, Saltzstein, 2001) but as organizations are reluctant to reduce pressure and provide flexibility this leads to recruit other employees rather than providing training to women employees (Clutterbuck, 2003), (Doherty, 2004). Consequences of Imbalance Work and Life Due to the challenges faced by women in their work life, it becomes difficult for them to maintain a balance between their work life and family life. Therefore it leads to number of negative consequences, not only at part of individuals but organizations also have to face certain setbacks (McPherson, 2007), (Hyman Summers, 2007). Individuals As women have to execute variety of roles in their family and work life, it becomes tough for them to handle diverse tasks effectively at the same time providing equal amount of attention to every role. When women were unable to manage all these roles, it results in physical as well as psychological problems (Kirrane Buckley, 2004); which includes increased level of stress, anxiety, lack of concentration and decrease in levels of alertness, energy and general health (Beauregard Henry, 2008), (Franche, Williams, al, 2006) Work life imbalance also has implications on the relationship among family members as due to the demanding nature of work, it becomes difficult to spend time together which results in lack of bonding among family members (Lee Brotheridge, 2005). Hence due to this situation, women may experience guilt and regret because they are unable to meet expectations of their families (Abercromby, 2007), (Creating Work Life Balance, 2009). Organizations Unbalanced work and family life also have negative impacts on the part of organizations, as when women workforce are not satisfied with the roles they are playing it reflects in their performance at work place (Tausig Fenwick, 2001), (Nolan, 2005). According to Straub (2007), Kafetsioss (2007) and Lambert et al., (2006); collision in work and family life results in reduced levels of job satisfaction, loyalty, organizational commitment, work effort, performance; while increased the level of absenteeism and turnover. Policies and Steps taken by Organization to Support Work Life Balance With the changing trends of economic development, equal employment opportunities and others, the issues regarding work-life balance has gained much attention from media and researchers globally (Kirrane Buckley, 2004). The work-life balance debate mostly discussed the fact that individuals have too much work to do that very little time left for themselves or family (Eikhof, Warhurst, Haunschild, 2007). As the time spend on work does not only include the contractual hours of employment but it also include the unpaid activities such as unpredictable long journey times, hence the line between work and family is becoming more blurred than before (Hyman Summers, 2004). These issues make employers realize the importance of work-life balance in womans daily lives in order to get optimal outcomes from the female employees (Leeds list the benefits of better work life balance, 2004), (Jacobs Gerson, 2001). Hence during 1980s, many organizations starts to change their internal workplace policies, procedures and benefits. The changes included maternity leave; Employee assistance programs (EAPs), flextime, telecommuting, paid maternity leaves, home-based work, vacation, professional counseling, and child and elder care referral (Bird, 2006), (Hudson inc), (Sunil Joshi, 2002). At present, the work-life balance issues are assumed as the most discussed topic in the field of Human Resource world due to the recognition of its value and need in the lives of females (Smithson Stokoe, 2005). Considering these consequences resulting from imbalance work and family life, European companies have shown interest in reducing this imbalance and have launched numerous work-life balance programs specifically for females (Sikora, Moore, Grunberg, Greenberg). According to a research conducted by Caroline Straub; on average 95 percent of European companies offer flexible timings facility to their employees, 79 percent employers allow employees to work from home, 23 percent provides opportunity to take paid vacations and only 34 percent emphasis on child care facilities (Straub, 2007). However still, a question asked by most individuals today is as to why do work-life balance matter to policy makers, and why it might be of importance to employers? Which has been answered by (Gatrell Cooper, 2008) through citing Swan and Cooper (2005) that the concept of work-life balance developed initially as a result of European government policies designed to work on addressing the pressures with balancing work and family life together, where both parents were employed. As further addressed by Lewis and Cooper (2005) cited by (Gatrell Cooper, 2008) it has been observed that, work-life balance policies are associated with presenting employees with the chance to work flexibly, whereas initially the notions of flexible working were considered in equal opportunities program, with a special focus on working mothers. Today it is open to all. This leads to encouraging the concept of work-life balance in clear terms. In New Zealand, (Kean, 2002) undertook a survey of the employees of 25 organizations which reveals that there is a clear relationship between the work-life balance policies with the employees intentions to leave the organization and actual turnover rates. This study suggests that the work-life balance policies have net positive effect on staff turnover rates. On the other side there are managers who are reluctant to apply policies which promote work life balance; according to the study of Workplace Employment Relations Survey 2004 (WERS), 69 percent managers in private sector believe that it is solely the responsibility of individuals to balance their work and domestic demands (Hyman Summers, 2007). They have the doubt of the benefits work life balance will bring to their companies and perceive that it will be costly to implement (Hughes, 2007). But this is not reality, although costs will incur at planning and implementation stage but the benefits that will be availed afterwards will be higher from this cost. Benefits earned due to implementation of Work Life Balance Policies Work-life balance has become the focus of companies worldwide, who do not take it lightly at any time. Nowadays, it is important for managers to take work-life balance seriously. The more overworked employees, the higher the demands or the expectations on the department (Clutterbuck, 2003), the more the managers have to depend on their employees to perform at the highest possible level of proficiency, value, and quality (Jacobs Gerson, 2001), (Human Resource and Skills Development Canada, 2003). There are companies who believe that if employees maintain a balance between work and family, it will benefit the organization as a whole. A survey conducted of DuPont employees lead to a discovery that those who used work-life opportunities provided by the company were more committed to their work and believed in sticking with the organization (Clutterbuck, 2003). The U.K 2003 Best Companies to Work for survey states that the companies who allow their staff to work flexibly earn fine dividends. In UK, the government has been promoting the concept of work-life balance for some time now and many large corporations have started to implement this religiously (Clutterbuck, 2003). The benefits that BT, a U.K based company and one of the leading providers of communication solutions and services around the world has achieved from this change are colossal; it results in a more flexible and an approachable workforce, recruitment and training costs have been reduced as now 98% women return to work after maternity leave which saves around  £3 million, absenteeism rate has reduced to 3.1% as compared to other U.K. companies whose average comes about to be 8.5%, one of the best aspects of work-life balance has been that around 7000 BT employees now work from home which has increased its gains of 31%, and flexible working arrangements means that BT can now respond to customers demand 24/7 (Hughes, 2007). According to another research, the employee-opinion survey conducted at UK building society Nationwide, where more than three-quarter agreed with the statement that: I am satisfied that Nationwide provides me with the opportunities to balance working arrangements with my personal life. Therefore it is apparent as to how Nationwide has gained the following rewards over the period of three years; the number of employees returning from maternity leave has increased to 93%, employee turnover rate has decreased to 9.7% as compared to the industry average of 17%, the number of female part-time employees has increased to 50% and female home workers has risen about 150% (Job flexibility and work-life balance pay dividends for Nationwide, 2003). In a recent newspaper article (Razvi, 2010) the writer talks about how in a country like ours, most companies apparently operate on an eight to-whenever youre absolutely finished work hours policy. The idea of striking a work-life balance is not always something that young people are made aware about as they enter the professional territory. Even prior to people entering the job market, hardly any are actually able to keep that delicate balance between their studies and their family and social life. What the balance adds up to is in itself dynamic, and fluctuates with the changing status, as well with the altering demands of the multiple roles. Therefore, its necessary to focus on work-life balance, because if people are out of balance or stressed or sick then they will be less committed to the results (Tremblay, 2002), they will be less devoted to the organization (Yasbek, 2004), they will be less committed to the client, the customer, the product or service that youre producing (Human Resource and Skills Development Canada, 2003).

Anti Abortion - The Truth of Abortion :: social issues

Anti Abortion - The Truth of Abortion "And, behold, one came and said unto Him, Good Master, what good thing shall I do, that I may have eternal life? And He said unto him, Why callest thou me good? There is none good but One, that is, God: but if thou wilt enter into life, keep the commandments. He saith unto Him, which? Jesus said, THOU SHALT DO NO MURDER, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, Honour thy father and mother: and, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." ~ Lord Jesus Christ Quote, Matthew 19:16-19, King James Version Bible †¢ Introduction : To know and feel truth is essential to understanding. You may say, "...not another religious person..." but I say unto you, I come about this conclusion through pure reason. Of course, this is a tender subject, but that goes to reason. For it is essential for truth and feeling to come together in the expression and beholding of understanding. †¢ Abortion and Choice : We have freewill to either magnify goodness or not. We have freewill, as has been given to us by our Creator, to do good or evil. Hence, I nor anyone else – not even God – has the right to deny another from any course of action – in this case, abortion. †¢ Abortion Stance : Truth is eternal regardless of situation. Though, as I have clarified above, do not have the right to deny another of choice, I do and will utilize my right in voicing my stance against it – that abortion is murder. I understand there are pregnancies by rape, and I know it is wrong to, not only, forbid an abortion, but it would also be cruel. Still, I remain with belief that abortion is murder. I understand there are pregnancies that endanger the mother's life, and I know it is wrong to, not only, forbid an abortion, but it would also be cruel. Still, I remain with belief that abortion is murder. I understand there are pregnancies that are unwanted, which have occurred by the voluntary engagement in the activity of reproduction. Whatever the case may be, which results in an unwanted pregnancy through voluntary engagement in the activity of reproduction, the couple has acted irresponsibly. For when a couple engages in the activity of reproduction, it comes with the possibility of responsibility in assuming parenthood.